Lactation

Topics

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Q: What interventions are effective in promoting initiation and continuation of lactation in the primary care setting?

Last Updated: 2022-08-15
Q: What are the general nutritional needs of a lactating individual?

Last Updated: 2022-10-31
Q: What are the nutritional needs of an individual who is pregnant and breastfeeding an older child? Are there any nutritional concerns for individuals having closely spaced pregnancies?

Last Updated: 2021-11-17
Q: How does lactation affect an individual’s requirement for vitamin/mineral supplementation?

Last Updated: 2022-10-31
Q: Can the vitamin D content of human milk be increased by supplementing the lactating individual with vitamin D as an alternative to administering vitamin D supplements to the infant?

Last Updated: 2022-10-31
Q: What are the omega-3 fatty acid needs of a lactating individual?

Last Updated: 2022-08-12
Q: Do trans fatty acids (from hydrogenated omega-6 fatty acids) consumed by a lactating individual have adverse effects on their infant?

Last Updated: 2022-10-31
Q: Does the conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content of a lactating individual's diet affect the total fat content and the CLA composition of their milk?

Last Updated: 2022-07-28
Q: Are there safety concerns for the ingestion of fish in individuals who are pregnant, planning to become pregnant or lactating related to mercury contamination?

Last Updated: 2022-08-16
Q: What herbal beverages/supplements are safe to take during pregnancy and lactation?

Last Updated: 2020-02-17
Q: Do herbs/herbal teas have an effect on a lactating individual’s milk production?

Last Updated: 2022-10-31
Q: What is the impact of caffeine intake in pregnancy and lactation?

Last Updated: 2023-12-14
Q: Are there adverse effects of high protein diets (including protein powder supplements, collagen) or amino acid supplements in pregnant and lactating individuals?

Last Updated: 2021-03-25
Q: What are the risks to the infant when the lactating individual consumes alcohol?

Last Updated: 2022-08-17
Q: What are the risks to the infant when the lactating individual uses drugs (e.g. cocaine, cannabis, amphetamines, hallucinogens, opioids)?

Last Updated: 2022-10-31
Q: What are the risks to the infant and the quality of human milk when lactating individuals smoke cigarettes or use snuff?

Last Updated: 2022-08-19
Q: Are there any specific considerations with regard to the use of sugar alcohols as sweeteners in pregnancy/lactation?

Last Updated: 2020-06-16
Q: Are there any specific considerations with regard to the use of sweeteners (e.g. nonnutritive, artificial, sugar substitutes, intense, low calorie) in pregnancy/lactation?

Last Updated: 2023-11-14
Q: What are the infant and gestational-parental health outcomes associated with breastfeeding for six to 12 months or more compared to outcomes of infants and gestational parents who stop breastfeeding before six months?

Last Updated: 2022-10-31
Q: What are the infant and gestational-parental health outcomes associated with breastfeeding compared to infant formula feeding?

Last Updated: 2022-08-19
Q: What are the infant (term) and gestational-parental health outcomes associated with mixed feeding (human milk and formula milk)?

Last Updated: 2022-10-24
Q: What are the benefits of breastfeeding on cancer prevention for the lactating individual and infant?

Last Updated: 2022-03-07
Q: Is lactation associated with a decreased risk of developing type 2 diabetes among parous individuals without a history of gestational diabetes?

Last Updated: 2022-07-28
Q: What are the recommendations for postpartum weight loss for lactating individuals?

Last Updated: 2022-08-19

The following Topics are part of another Knowledge Pathway. These topics have been included in the Related Topics section of this Knowledge Pathway because they are relevant to this topic area. Click on a topic to view the synthesis of the literature and the practice guidance or recommendations.

Related Knowledge Pathways

Infant Nutrition - Breastfeeding

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